SPECIAL COMMUNICATION
STATISTICS AND RESEARCH METHODS
AUGUST 16, 2024
Michael E. Matheny, MD, MS, MPH; Jie Yang, PhD; Joshua C. Smith, PhD; et al.
This special communication examines the benefits and risks of using large language models to support medical product postmarket surveillance.
open access
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2428276. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.28276
CORRECTION
AUGUST 16, 2024
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2433754. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.33754
EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION
AUGUST 15, 2024
Sarah K. Dobbins, PhD; Cheyenne M. Garcia, BA; Jennifer L. Evans, MS; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the association between residential status and moderate to severe depressive symptoms over a 5-year period in individuals aged 50 years or older experiencing homelessness.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427956. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27956
SURGERY
AUGUST 15, 2024
David H. Farrell, PhD; Keeley M. McConnell, BS; Jevgenia Zilberman-Rudenko, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses whether antithrombin III deficiency is associated with thrombohemorrhagic complications among patients with trauma.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427786. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27786
CARDIOLOGY
AUGUST 15, 2024
Nobuyuki Kagiyama, MD, PhD; Tomohiro Kaneko, MD, PhD; Masashi Amano, MD, PhD; et al.
This retrospective cohort study investigates the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of mitral valve surgery in atrial functional mitral regurgitation among adults in Japan.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2428032. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.28032
NEUROLOGY
AUGUST 15, 2024
Audrey Low, PhD; Elizabeth McKiernan, MSc; Maria A. Prats-Sedano, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study of middle-aged US adults examines the association of traumatic brain injury (TBI) with neuroimaging and clinical outcomes.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426774. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26774
HEALTH POLICY
AUGUST 15, 2024
Lindsay Shea, DrPH; Molly Sadowsky, MPH; Sha Tao, MPH; et al.
This cohort study examines perinatal and postpartum outcomes among a national, longitudinal sample of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities enrolled in public health insurance and compares outcomes with those of peers without intellectual and developmental disabilities.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2428067. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.28067
RESEARCH LETTER
ALLERGY
AUGUST 15, 2024
Ana Maria Copaescu, MD; Sara Vogrin, MBiostat; Abby Douglas, PhD; et al.
This secondary analysis of adult patients in the Penicillin Allergy Clinical Decision Rule (PALACE) Study investigates the risk of self-reported penicillin allergy despite removal of penicillin allergy label.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2429621. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.29621
RESEARCH LETTER
PEDIATRICS
AUGUST 15, 2024
Samaa Kemal, MD, MPH; Rebecca E. Cash, PhD; Jennifer A. Hoffmann, MD, MS; et al.
This cohort study describes the rate of emergency department (ED) encounters, reasons for these visits, and characteristics of the children and adolescents who seek this care.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427350. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27350
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Invited Commentary
Incorporating the Emergency Department in the Blueprint for Youth Suicide Prevention
Nabil Abou Baker, MD; Neda Laiteerapong, MD, MS
open access
JAMA Netw Open
RESEARCH LETTER
PUBLIC HEALTH
AUGUST 15, 2024
Alexander Testa, PhD; Karyn Fu; Dylan B. Jackson, PhD; et al.
This survey study examines exposure to abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction during childhood and likelihood of gun ownership in adulthood.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2428027. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.28027
PUBLIC HEALTH
AUGUST 14, 2024
Yin Wang, MA; Charles Stoecker, PhD; Kevin Callison, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study explores associations between state-imposed COVID-19 vaccination mandates and vaccine uptake among health care workers in 2021.
open access
has audio
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426847. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26847
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Audio:
State COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates and Uptake Among Health Care Workers in the US
EDITORIAL
AUGUST 14, 2024
John B. Lynch, MD, MPH
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426820. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26820
HEALTH POLICY
AUGUST 14, 2024
Theodoros V. Giannouchos, PhD, MS, MPharm; Benjamin Ukert, PhD; Thomas Buchmueller, PhD
This cohort study evaluates the association of a US state copayment cap with out-of-pocket spending, medication adherence, and health care services utilization for diabetes-related complications among individuals with type 1 diabetes.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425280. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25280
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Invited Commentary
State-Level Insulin Copayment Caps—Who Benefits, and What Is Next?
Rebecca Myerson, PhD
open access
JAMA Netw Open
HEALTH POLICY
AUGUST 14, 2024
Nikhil R. Sahni, MBA, MPA/ID; Crosbie Marine, BSc; David M. Cutler, PhD; et al.
This survey study assesses clinician views on the feasibility of site-of-care shifts from the hospital to alternative care settings and estimates potential net savings that would be associated with these shifts.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426857. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26857
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Invited Commentary
Site-of-Care Shifts and Payments—A Viable Strategy to Control Health Care Costs?
Lee A. Fleisher, MD, ML; Sheila P. Burke, RN, MPA
open access
JAMA Netw Open
ONCOLOGY
AUGUST 14, 2024
Olivier J. van Not, MD; Alfons J. M. van den Eertwegh, MD, PhD; Hilde Jalving, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates long-term survival in patients with advanced melanoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors outside clinical trials.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426641. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26641
PEDIATRICS
AUGUST 14, 2024
Charlotte Brix Andersson, MD; Claus Klingenberg, PhD; Line Thellesen, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates the association between umbilical cord pH values and the risk of adverse neonatal outcomes among newborns in Denmark, which has universal umbilical cord pH measurement.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427604. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27604
PUBLIC HEALTH
AUGUST 14, 2024
Patrick Sharkey, PhD; Juan Camilo Cristancho, BA; Daniel Semenza, PhD
This cohort study investigates the association between the start of deer hunting season and the number of shootings in rural counties in the US.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427683. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27683
PSYCHIATRY
AUGUST 14, 2024
Katherine M. Keyes, PhD; Noah T. Kreski, MPH; Megan E. Patrick, PhD
This cohort study examines the persistence of depressive symptoms and other mental health issues from age 18 years to age 21 to 22 years.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427748. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27748
ONCOLOGY
AUGUST 13, 2024
Amaris K. Balitsky, MD, MSc; Daniel Rayner, BHSc; Joanne Britto, MD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis is an update to a previous review of randomized clinical trials examining the association of patient-reported outcome measures used in cancer treatment with overall mortality risk, health-related quality of life, and hospital utilization.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2424793. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.24793
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Invited Commentary
Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Help Patients With Cancer
Michael J. Hassett, MD, MPH; Christine Cronin, BS
open access
JAMA Netw Open
HEALTH INFORMATICS
AUGUST 13, 2024
Kathryn G. Burford, PhD; Nicole G. Itzkowitz, MSc; Ashley G. Ortega, BSc; et al.
This cross-sectional study investigates whether an artificial intelligence (AI) large language model can accurately and reliably analyze clinical narratives and identify helmet use status of patients injured in accidents involving e-bikes, bicycles, hoverboards, and powered scooters.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425981. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25981
OTOLARYNGOLOGY
AUGUST 13, 2024
Yi-Chieh Lee, MD, MSc; Yun-Chen Chang, MD; Liang-Wei Tseng, MD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the association between continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy and reduction of adverse hypertensive outcomes in pregnant women.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427557. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27557
PUBLIC HEALTH
AUGUST 13, 2024
Jun Chen, PhD; Jingjing Wang, PhD; Ziyi Qi, MD; et al.
This cohort study uses smartwatch data to determine whether outdoor exposure patterns are associated with myopic shift in children in Shanghai, China.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2424595. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.24595
SURGERY
AUGUST 13, 2024
Peter Gerber, MD, PhD; David Naqqar, MD; My von Euler-Chelpin, PhD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates whether bariatric surgery is associated with a decreased risk of obesity-related cancer and cardiovascular disease in patients who underwent surgery at age 60 years or older.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427457. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27457
NEPHROLOGY
AUGUST 13, 2024
Amir H. Sabouri, MD, PhD; Brian Yurgionas, MD, MS; Sara Khorasani, MD; et al.
This cohort study estimates the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients hospitalized with exertional rhabdomyolysis and identifies factors associated with development of AKI in this population.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427464. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27464
PSYCHIATRY
AUGUST 13, 2024
Jeffrey F. Scherrer, PhD; Joanne Salas, MPH; Wenjin Wang, BA; et al.
This cohort study examines the association between meeting diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder and risk of poor type 2 diabetes outcomes among a cohort of veterans.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427569. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27569
RESEARCH LETTER
EMERGENCY MEDICINE
AUGUST 13, 2024
Mark S. Iscoe, MD, MHS; Arjun K. Venkatesh, MD, MBA, MHS; Margaret L. Holland, PhD, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses the associations between patient and clinical factors and variations in time emergency department physicians spend using electronic health record (EHR) systems.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427389. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27389
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Invited Commentary
Exploration of Electronic Health Record Patterns of Emergency Physicians—Charting the Digital Burden
Lisa S. Rotenstein, MD, MBA, MSc; Melanie Molina, MD, MAS
open access
JAMA Netw Open
CORRECTION
AUGUST 13, 2024
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2432946. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.32946
NEUROLOGY
AUGUST 12, 2024
Laurens Winkelmeier, MD; Helge Kniep, MD; Tobias Faizy, MD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates whether age is associated with functional outcomes and mortality among patients with acute ischemic strokes with large infarct who undergo endovascular thrombectomy.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426007. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26007
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Invited Commentary
Endovascular Thrombectomy for Large Core Ischemic Stroke—Age Matters
Georgios Tsivgoulis, MD; Bruce C. Campbell, PhD
open access
JAMA Netw Open
PEDIATRICS
AUGUST 12, 2024
Ashley A. Foster, MD; Jennifer A. Hoffmann, MD, MS; Megan D. Douglas, JD; et al.
This cross-sectional study investigates the association of the comprehensiveness of state mental health insurance laws with caregivers’ perception of access and insurance coverage for child and adolescent mental health care.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426402. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26402
PUBLIC HEALTH
AUGUST 12, 2024
Rosario Ortolá, MD, PhD; Mercedes Sotos-Prieto, PhD; Esther García-Esquinas, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the associations of alcohol consumption patterns with 12-year mortality and the potential modification of these associations by health-related or socioeconomic risk factors.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2424495. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.24495
NEUROLOGY
AUGUST 12, 2024
Abigail Dove, MSc; Michelle M. Dunk, PhD; Jiao Wang, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the risk of dementia in individuals with cardiometabolic diseases following anti-inflammatory vs proinflammatory diets.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427125. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27125
PSYCHIATRY
AUGUST 12, 2024
Nicole R. Wong, MD; Leah H. Rubin, PhD, MPH; Courtney K. Harrington, BA; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses hippocampal availability of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) among participants with recent-onset affective and nonaffective psychosis compared with healthy individuals.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427163. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27163
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
AUGUST 12, 2024
Sachini Bandara, PhD; Lauren Byrne, MPH; Vanessa Berman, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the use of treatment and harm reduction services among individuals who use drugs.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427241. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27241
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
AUGUST 12, 2024
Min-Hsiang Chuang, MD; Jui-Yi Chen, MD; Hsien-Yi Wang, MD; et al.
This cohort study investigates the risks of mortality and adverse cardiovascular and kidney outcomes among individuals with type 2 diabetes taking tirzepatide vs glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427258. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27258
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
AUGUST 12, 2024
Tao Li, MD, Msc; Bo Zhang, PhD; Xin Du, BS; et al.
This cohort study uses a national reporting system to calculate the rate of recurrence among patients with confirmed incident cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in China.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427266. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27266
PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
AUGUST 9, 2024
Anneleen Malfliet, PhD; Liesbet De Baets, PhD; Thomas Bilterys, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial evaluates the use of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia vs best-evidence pain management to manage nonspecific chronic spinal pain in patients with comorbid insomnia.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425856. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25856
PUBLIC HEALTH
AUGUST 9, 2024
Yoo Jin Cho, PhD; Toral Mehta, PhD; Alice Hinton, PhD; et al.
This crossover randomized clinical trial examines effects of nicotine form, concentration, and e-liquid flavor on nicotine uptake and self-reported craving and subjective experiences among young adults who use e-cigarettes.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426702. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26702
PSYCHIATRY
AUGUST 9, 2024
Christian K. Dye, PhD; Daniel M. Alschuler, MS; Haotian Wu, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study uses DNA methylation-based epigenetic clocks to assess the association between maternal adverse childhood experiences and biological aging during pregnancy and in newborns.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427063. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27063
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Invited Commentary
Epigenetic Biomarkers for Understanding Adverse Experiences and Health
Anne K. Bozack, MPH, PhD; Sarah M. Merrill, PhD; Andres Cardenas, MPH, PhD
open access
JAMA Netw Open
ONCOLOGY
AUGUST 9, 2024
Tiffany Li, PhD; Hannah C. Timmins, PhD; Fawaz M. Mahfouz, PhD; et al.
This cohort study compares the validity of patient-reported outcome measures with neurophysiological and sensory functional measures for the assessment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy among adults in Australia.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2424139. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.24139
HEALTH POLICY
AUGUST 9, 2024
Kara Zivin, PhD, MS, MA, MFA; Xiaosong Zhang, MS; Anca Tilea, MA; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the association of changes in federal health legislation with mental health treatment and spending among delivering women in the US.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426802. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26802
EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION
AUGUST 9, 2024
Ozioma C. Okonkwo, PhD; Monica Rivera Mindt, PhD; Miriam T. Ashford, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the use of community-based efforts to increase the level of screening and enrollment of Black and Latinx individuals into Alzheimer disease studies through the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative-3 (ADNI3).
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427073. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27073
PUBLIC HEALTH
AUGUST 9, 2024
Maureen K. Spill, PhD; Rupal Trivedi, PhD; Rachel C. Thoerig, PhD; et al.
This systematic review assesses whether expanding free school meals to all students is associated with improved participation in the program, attendance, student health, student behavior, and other student and school outcomes.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2424082. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.24082
RESEARCH LETTER
HEALTH INFORMATICS
AUGUST 9, 2024
A. Jay Holmgren, PhD, MHI; Carrie K. Grouse, MD; Aris Oates, MD; et al.
This cohort study investigates the association of demographic characteristics with changes in patient portal messaging after implementation of e-visit billing.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427053. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27053
RESEARCH LETTER
PUBLIC HEALTH
AUGUST 9, 2024
Ian C. Fischer, PhD; Peter J. Na, MD, MPH; David B. Feldman, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the association of protective psychological characteristics with mental, psychosocial, cognitive, and physical functioning in military veterans.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2427382. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.27382
ONCOLOGY
AUGUST 8, 2024
EunKyo Kang, MD; Jung Hun Kang, MD; Su-Jin Koh, MD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial investigates the change in quality of life, survival rates, and self-management skills associated with an early palliative care program for patients with advanced cancer.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426304. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26304
PHARMACY AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
AUGUST 8, 2024
Filip Milosavljević, PharmM, PhD; Marina Manojlović, PharmM; Lena Matković, MD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis quantifies differences in plasma concentrations for antiseizure drugs associated with variants of genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes, particularly CYP2C9 and CYP2C19.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425593. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25593
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Invited Commentary
Antiseizure Drugs and Pharmacogenetics—Is There Signal in the Noise?
David J. Gagnon, PharmD
open access
JAMA Netw Open
PSYCHIATRY
AUGUST 8, 2024
Lamprini Psychogiou, PhD; Marie C. Navarro, PhD; Massimiliano Orri, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses whether childhood and adolescent depression symptoms are associated with poor mental health and psychosocial outcomes in young adulthood.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425987. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25987
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
AUGUST 8, 2024
Jennifer Falbe, ScD, MPH; Samantha Marinello, PhD; Ethan C. Wolf, BS; et al.
This cohort study compares the percentage of checkout food and beverage products that were compliant with a healthy checkout ordinance before and 1 year after policy changes, relative to comparison cities, and assesses checkout products that fell into healthy and unhealthy food categories.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2421731. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.21731
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Invited Commentary
Changing the Food Environment One Checkout Lane at a Time
Anne N. Thorndike, MD, MPH
open access
JAMA Netw Open
PSYCHIATRY
AUGUST 8, 2024
Yi Chai, PhD; Jennifer Yee-Man Tang, PhD; Dennis Chak Fai Ma, PhD; et al.
This 20-year cohort study examines changes in self-harm and suicide rates among patients older than 25 years with first-episode schizophrenia before and after the implementation of an early intervention services program.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426795. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26795
NEUROLOGY
AUGUST 8, 2024
Yiqi Zhu, PhD; Jonathan Williams, MD; Kebede Beyene, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates the association of traumatic brain injury and seizures with the risk of cognitive impairment among cognitively normal older adults from diverse racial and ethnic groups and the role of medications in moderating the association.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426590. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26590
MEDICAL EDUCATION
AUGUST 8, 2024
Wynne Armand, MD; Michael Padget, PhD; Elizabeth Pinsky, MD; et al.
This survey study examines clinicians’ knowledge of and attitudes toward climate change and their perception of clinical relevance before and after a quality incentive program about the impact of climate change on health and health care sustainability.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426790. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26790
MEDICAL EDUCATION
AUGUST 7, 2024
Andrew A. White, MD; Ann M. King, MA; Angelo E. D’Addario, MA; et al.
This randomized clinical trial examines the effectiveness of video-based communication assessment feedback in preparing resident trainees to communicate with patients after errors resulting in medical harm.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425923. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25923
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
AUGUST 7, 2024
Theresa Shu Wen Toh, MBBS, MRCPCH; Pravin R. R., MBBS, MRCPCH; Karen Hwee Ying Ho, BSc; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the clinical outcomes associated with daily sedation interruption vs continuous intravenous sedation in children receiving mechanical ventilation support.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426225. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26225
PEDIATRICS
AUGUST 7, 2024
Victor Sartorius, MD; Marianne Philibert, MSc; Kari Klungsoyr, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study evaluates whether disparities in neonatal mortality rates are associated with the distribution of gestational age and gestational age–specific mortality rates.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2424226. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.24226
PUBLIC HEALTH
AUGUST 7, 2024
Wayne R. Lawrence, DrPH; Anna M. Kucharska-Newton, PhD, MPH; Jared W. Magnani, MD; et al.
This cohort study examines whether neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage across the life course is associated with death before age 75 years among Black and White US adults.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426243. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26243
PUBLIC HEALTH
AUGUST 7, 2024
Siyue Wang, PhD; Yang Hu, ScD; Binkai Liu, MS; et al.
This cohort study evaluates associations between lignan intake and type 2 diabetes incidence in US men and women.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426367. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26367
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
AUGUST 7, 2024
Frederikke Lihme, MD, PhD; Saima Basit, MSc; Baskaran Thilaganathan, MD, PhD; et al.
This register-based cohort study assesses the incidence of initiation of antihypertensive medication use in the 2 years post partum among women with or without hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426394. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26394
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
AUGUST 7, 2024
Adrián Carballo-Casla, PhD; Carla Maria Avesani, PhD; Giorgi Beridze, MD; et al.
This multicohort study estimates the associations of total, animal, and plant protein intake with all-cause mortality in older adults with mild or moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) and compares the results with those of older adults without kidney disease.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426577. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26577
RESEARCH LETTER
PSYCHIATRY
AUGUST 7, 2024
Amanda Koire, MD, PhD; Mariella Suleiman, MD; Polina Teslyar, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study identifies and quantifies state-level shortages in community-based perinatal psychiatry care in the US.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426465. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26465
CORRECTION
AUGUST 7, 2024
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2431267. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.31267
ONCOLOGY
AUGUST 6, 2024
Shuchi Gulati, MD, MSc; Catherine Tangen, DrPH; Christopher W. Ryan, MD; et al.
This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial assessed the effect of adjuvant everolimus after nephrectomy on recurrence-free and overall survival in patients with localized papillary or chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425288. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25288
ONCOLOGY
AUGUST 6, 2024
Vikas Ostwal, DM; Anant Ramaswamy, DM; Sarika Mandavkar, JNM; et al.
This randomized clinical trial assesses whether addition of olanzapine reduces nausea, vomiting, and use of nausea rescue medications among patients with solid malignant tumors receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426076. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26076
CARDIOLOGY
AUGUST 6, 2024
Yuan Lu, ScD; Oreoluwa Arowojolu, MD; Xiaoliang Qiu, MD; et al.
This qualitative analysis uses electronic health record data to analyze barriers to clinician adherence to clinical guidelines for managing severe hypertension.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426135. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26135
OPHTHALMOLOGY
AUGUST 6, 2024
Qin Shu, MD; Jiali Pang, MS; Zijia Liu, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses whether a newly developed artificial intelligence (AI) model can accurately identify myopia, strabismus, and ptosis in children using mobile photographs.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425124. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25124
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
AUGUST 6, 2024
Michail Zoulakis, MD; Lisa Johansson, MD; Henrik Litsne; et al.
This cohort study evaluates whether poorer skeletal characteristics or worse physical function are associated with the increased fracture risk in women with type 2 diabetes.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425106. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25106
NEUROLOGY
AUGUST 6, 2024
Rebecca E. Woodrow, PhD; Julia Grossac, MD; Young T. Hong, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses the ability of [11C]flumazenil positron emission tomography (FMZ PET) to detect selective neuronal loss after chronic traumatic brain injury and examines the association between neuronal loss and long-term functional, cognitive, and psychological outcomes.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426141. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26141
HEALTH POLICY
AUGUST 6, 2024
Firouzeh Noghrehchi, PhD; Andrew H. Dawson, MD; Jacques Raubenheimer, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study explores the association of pesticide bans with deliberate self-poisonings using pesticides and in-hospital deaths in Sri Lanka.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426209. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26209
RESEARCH LETTER
EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION
AUGUST 6, 2024
Sang Won Lee, MSc; Mary Morcos, BS; Dong Won Lee, BS; et al.
This cross-sectional study compares the race and ethnicity and gender of images of physicians generated by artificial intelligence (AI) with US physician demographic characteristics.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425993. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25993
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Invited Commentary
Identifying and Addressing Bias in Artificial Intelligence
Byron Crowe, MD; Jorge A. Rodriguez, MD
open access
JAMA Netw Open
PATHOLOGY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
AUGUST 5, 2024
Levy Jäger, MD; Yael Rachamin, PhD; Oliver Senn, Prof, MD, MPH; et al.
This cohort study of adult primary care patients estimates how the incidence of diagnoses of nonanemic and anemic iron deficiency is associated with the choice of ferritin cutoff.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425692. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25692
PSYCHIATRY
AUGUST 5, 2024
Chiara Davico, MD; Daniele Marcotulli, MD, PhD; Giuseppe Abbracciavento, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the number of emergency department visits for acute psychiatric events in children and adolescents in Italy associated with school closures and reopenings during the COVID-19 pandemic.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425829. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25829
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
AUGUST 5, 2024
Paul J. Christine, MD, PhD; Rouba A. Chahine, PhD, MS; Simeon D. Kimmel, MD, MA; et al.
This cross-sectional study evaluates whether relaxation of X-waiver training requirements is associated with increases in buprenorphine treatment for patients with opioid use disorder.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425999. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25999
COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
AUGUST 5, 2024
Alisa Likhitsup, MD, MPH; Vincent L. Chen, MD, MS; Robert J. Fontana, MD
This survey study assesses the prevalence of use and clinical characteristics of consumers of the 6 most frequently reported hepatoxic botanicals, including turmeric or curcumin, green tea extract, Garcinia cambogia, black cohosh, red yeast rice, and ashwagandha, among US adults.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425822. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25822
NEUROLOGY
AUGUST 5, 2024
Peter A. Ferrazzano, MD; Susan Rebsamen, MD; Aaron S. Field, MD, PhD; et al.
This prognostic study identifies early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures and investigates their association with prediction of long-term outcomes among children after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425765. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25765
RESEARCH LETTER
PUBLIC HEALTH
AUGUST 5, 2024
Matthew J. O’Brien, MD, MSc; Andrew Owen, PhD; Sharon Langshur, MD; et al.
This cohort study assesses the performance of International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) Z59 codes for identifying housing instability during health care encounters.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425919. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25919
CORRECTION
AUGUST 5, 2024
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2431056. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.31056
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
AUGUST 2, 2024
Mark L. Wieland, MD, MPH; Katherine Diaz Vickery, MD, MSc; Valentina Hernandez, MS; et al.
This randomized clinical trial tests whether a digital storytelling intervention improves glycemic control among Hispanic adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2424781. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.24781
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Invited Commentary
The Power of Community Engagement and Patient Voices
Arshiya A. Baig, MD, MPH
open access
JAMA Netw Open
NEUROLOGY
AUGUST 2, 2024
Cornelis N. van Ettekoven, MD; Fabian D. Liechti, MD, PhD; Matthijs C. Brouwer, MD, PhD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the worldwide pathogen distribution and case fatality ratios of community-acquired bacterial meningitis from 1935 to 2022.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2424802. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.24802
ONCOLOGY
AUGUST 2, 2024
Ulrich Ronellenfitsch, MD; Juliane Friedrichs, MSc; Emilie Barbier, MSc; et al.
This individual patient data network meta-analysis assesses the association between preoperative chemoradiotherapy and preoperative and/or perioperative chemotherapy compared with surgery alone in patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425581. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25581
SURGERY
AUGUST 2, 2024
Dominik A. Jakob, MD; Martin Müller, MD; Apostolos Kolitsas, MD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association of surgical management with splenic repair vs splenectomy with outcomes in patients with traumatic splenic injuries undergoing laparotomy.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425300. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25300
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
AUGUST 2, 2024
Patricia C. Underwood, PhD, NP; Libin Zhang, PhD; David C. Mohr, PhD; et al.
This cohort study of older individuals with diabetes examines whether maintaining stability of glycated hemoglobin A1c is associated with lower risk of Alzheimer disease and related dementias.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425354. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25354
PHARMACY AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
AUGUST 2, 2024
Yasutaka Ihara, PharmD; Kenji Sawa, MD, PhD, MPH; Takumi Imai, PhD; et al.
This cohort study compares the use of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy with conventional chemotherapy in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and overweight or obesity.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425363. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25363
SURGERY
AUGUST 2, 2024
Alexis M. Holland, MD; William R. Lorenz, MD; Jack C. Cavanagh, MA; et al.
This cross-sectional study compares medical research abstracts written by surgical trainees or senior surgeons vs abstracts generated by artificial intelligence.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425373. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25373
RESEARCH LETTER
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
AUGUST 2, 2024
Amir Reza Ashraf, PharmD; Tim K. Mackey, MAS, PhD; János Schmidt, MA; et al.
This qualitative study assesses the quality, amount of active ingredient, and characteristics associated with counterfeiting of semaglutide purchased from illegal online pharmacies without a prescription.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2428280. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.28280
HEALTH INFORMATICS
AUGUST 1, 2024
Leslie Lenert, MD; Alyssa A. Rheingold, PhD; Kit N. Simpson, DrPH; et al.
This cluster randomized clinical trial assesses the effect of an electronic health record (EHR)–based multifactorial intervention screening compared with the standard verbal screening on the detection of risk of intimate partner violence in primary care practice.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425070. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25070
SURGERY
AUGUST 1, 2024
Ravi Sarode, MD; Joshua N. Goldstein, MD; Gregory Simonian, MD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial assesses the hemostatic efficacy of an investigational 4-factor prothrombin complex concentrate in adults before undergoing urgent surgery with substantial bleeding risk.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2424758. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.24758
NEUROLOGY
AUGUST 1, 2024
Lynne H. Shinto, ND, MPH; Charles F. Murchison, PhD; Lisa C. Silbert, MD, MCR; et al.
This randomized clinical trial examines whether treatment with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) reduces white matter lesion accumulation in older adults without dementia who have white matter lesions and suboptimal ω-3 status.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426872. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26872
UROLOGY
AUGUST 1, 2024
Albert S. Ha, MD; Michael Scott, MD; Chiyuan Amy Zhang, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study explores sociodemographic and temporal trends among the oldest US fathers (age ≥50 years) and their associations to with perinatal outcomes among all US live births.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425269. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25269
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Invited Commentary
Fathers in the United States Are Getting Older
Larry I. Lipshultz, MD; Blair T. Stocks, MD, PhD
open access
JAMA Netw Open
PSYCHIATRY
AUGUST 1, 2024
Magdalena Żebrowska, PhD; Susanne Strohmaier, PhD; Curtis Huttenhower, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association of dog and cat attachment with depression and anxiety scores in middle-aged and older women, in particular those who reported experiencing abuse as children.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2424810. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.24810
PUBLIC HEALTH
AUGUST 1, 2024
Karin A. Kasza, PhD; Cheryl Rivard, MPH; Maciej L. Goniewicz, PharmD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study uses data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study to investigate the association of e-cigarette characteristics with cigarette cessation behaviors among adults who use e-cigarettes.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2423960. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.23960
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
AUGUST 1, 2024
Katherine Rivlin, MD, MSc; Marta Bornstein, MPH, PhD; Jocelyn Wascher, MD; et al.
This survey study assesses moral distress scores among abortion-providing clinicians practicing in states with restrictive vs protective abortion policies following the Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization Supreme Court decision.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2426248. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.26248
PUBLIC HEALTH
AUGUST 1, 2024
Michael Siegel, MD, MPH
This cross-sectional study evaluates the association of point-of-sale background check laws and state permit requirements with firearm homicide rates in 48 US states from 1976 through 2022.
open access
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(8):e2425025. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.25025